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Childhood Overweight Prevention in Urban Settings

Preventing childhood obesity in urban settings with UNICEF

Sector

Food Systems

Region

Latin America

Timespan

2021-2022

In Chile, 75% of the population is overweight or obese, and in Santiago, more than half of the children are overweight or obese, which persists into adulthood. Credit: Roger Ismael

In Latin America and the Caribbean, childhood overweight and obesity are prevalent, impacting more than 30% of children and adolescents across 13 countries. Obesogenic food environments promote unhealthy diets, while sedentary lifestyles further worsen the issue. For UNICEF, Gehl created a framework for healthier foodscapes in urban settings.

In Mexico City, 6.9% of children under five have obesity. Among children aged 5-11, 40.4% of boys and 35.3% of girls are affected by overweight or obesity. For adolescents aged 12-19, the rates rise to 43.6% for boys and 48.8% for girls. Credit: Gehl

A strategic framework for healthier foodscapes

For three months, Gehl and our partners analyzed the foodscapes of Santiago and Mexico City, focusing on the boroughs of Renca and Independencia. These areas were chosen as they reflect broader urban challenges, including limited access to public space, long commutes, and a high prevalence of ultra-processed foods. Through a combination of desk research, interviews with interested parties, and community engagement with children and caregivers, we identified key opportunities to strengthen local food systems by leveraging existing assets such as public life, traditions, and active mobility. Despite strong local initiatives, centralized governance structures often make it difficult to sustain long-term projects, emphasizing the need for an actionable framework.

Based on our findings, we developed 18 targeted recommendations within four strategic pillars: Governance, Built Space and Urban Character, Food Environments and Cultural Patterns, and Social Environment. Proposed actions included redesigning school-adjacent spaces, creating safe bike routes and supervised walking programs for children, upgrading fresh food markets, and deploying mobile farmers markets in underserved areas. 

Governance-focused initiatives highlighted the importance of food system coordination, stronger regulations on ultra-processed food marketing near schools, and partnerships to increase fresh food availability. By integrating these interventions, cities can foster healthier eating and mobility habits, creating a more inclusive and resilient urban food system.

A strategic framework prioritizing high-impact food system interventions across four pillars, ensuring healthier, more accessible urban foodscapes. Credit: Gehl

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